Lesson 4 ·Class 10 · The Nervous System · Sort Lab
Spinal Cord and the Peripheral Nervous System
Centre or wiring? Sort them out.
Drop each structure into the division of the nervous system it belongs to.
Sorted 0/10
All items sorted — check each bin.
VS
Free play — sort every item into the bin it belongs in; each correct drop tells you why. Switch to when you're ready to test yourself.
Autonomic sounds independent and cranial nerves grow straight out of the brain, yet both are peripheral. Only the brain and the spinal cord themselves are central.
What this lesson covers
What you do
- Say the two opposite effects out loud: sympathetic accelerates the heartbeat and dilates the pupil, parasympathetic retards the heartbeat and constricts the pupil.
Challenges to clear
- Fill the peripheral bin correctly. Watch the cranial nerves.
- Now sort every structure.
- Fill the Central nervous system column — brain and spinal cord only.
The task
Drop each structure into the division of the nervous system it belongs to.
What this lesson covers
- Central nervous system — The control centre: it takes the decisions and houses the reflex centres.: Brain (With the spinal cord it makes up the CNS. It is protected inside the cranium and weighs about 1.35 kg.); Spinal cord (It lies inside the neural canal of the vertebrae and is the CNS partner of the brain.); Association neurons in the gray matter (Relay neurons that link sensory to motor neurons are found only inside the brain and spinal cord.); Central canal filled with cerebrospinal fluid (It runs the whole length of the spinal cord and is continuous with the ventricles of the brain, cushioning both.)
- Peripheral nervous system — The wiring: nerves that carry impulses to and from the centre.: Twelve pairs of cranial nerves (They emerge from the brain, but they are nerves, and every nerve is peripheral. Where a nerve starts does not make it central.); Thirty-one pairs of spinal nerves (They emerge from the spinal cord: 8 in the neck, 12 in the thorax, 5 lumbar, 5 sacral and 1 coccygeal.); Somatic nervous system (One of the two subdivisions of the PNS, it conveys information to the skeletal or voluntary muscles.); Autonomic nervous system (Despite controlling involuntary organs, it is a subdivision of the PNS: a pair of chains of ganglia and nerves beside the backbone.); Sympathetic chain (Arising from the spinal cord between neck and waist, it prepares the body for violent action and is stimulated by adrenaline.); Parasympathetic nerves (Found in the head and neck and in the sacral region, they re-establish normal conditions once the violent act is over.)
Hint
Autonomic sounds independent and cranial nerves grow straight out of the brain, yet both are peripheral. Only the brain and the spinal cord themselves are central.