Lesson 4 ·Class 9 · Economic Importance of Bacteria and Fungi · Sort Lab

Vaccines, Serums and Toxoids

Two ways to be protected.

Sort each statement by the kind of immunity it produces.

Sorted 0/10

All items sorted — check each bin.

Free play — sort every item into the bin it belongs in; each correct drop tells you why. Switch to when you're ready to test yourself.

Ask who makes the antibodies. If you do, it is slow but lasting. If they are given to you, it is instant but temporary.

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Selina ICSE: Economic Importance of Bacteria and Fungi

What this lesson covers

Sort every statement.
Fill the Passive immunity column — protection you are given, not protection you build.

Sort each statement by the kind of immunity it produces.

Active immunity — You make the antibodies: Produced by giving a vaccine (The vaccine carries antigens; your body responds to them.); The body makes its own antibodies (Your lymphocytes do the work, which takes time.); Takes days or weeks to develop (Lymphocytes must multiply before enough antibody exists.); Protection lasts for years, sometimes for life (Memory cells remain behind.); A toxoid — an inactivated bacterial toxin — is used (As in the tetanus and diphtheria vaccines: harmless, but still provokes a response.)
Passive immunity — You are given them: Produced by giving an antiserum (The antibodies are ready-made, from a horse or another human.); Ready-made antibodies are introduced directly (Nothing has to be manufactured, so protection is immediate.); Protection begins at once (Which is why it is used after a snake bite or a suspected tetanus wound.); Protection lasts only a few weeks (No memory cells are formed, so nothing is left once the antibodies break down.); Antibodies passed from a mother to her baby in milk (Natural passive immunity — it protects the infant until its own system matures.)

Ask who makes the antibodies. If you do, it is slow but lasting. If they are given to you, it is instant but temporary.